Indonesian Journal of Engineering and Technological Innovation
Journal Title : Indonesian Journal of Engineering and Technological Innovation Initials : IJETI Frequency : March, June, September, and December Print ISSN : - Online ISSN : 3090-9244 Editor in Chief : Iski Zaliman, S.Kom., M.Kom DOI: 10.63142/ijeti Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian Cendekia Gagayunan Indonesia Indonesian Journal of Engineering and Technological Innovation (IJETI) is a peer-reviewed, open-access scientific journal that publishes original research articles, review papers, and short communications in the field of engineering and technology. The journal aims to serve as a platform for academics, researchers, practitioners, and industry professionals to share innovative ideas, findings, and developments in various branches of engineering and applied technology. IJETI covers a broad spectrum of topics including but not limited to: Mechanical, Civil, Electrical, and Industrial Engineering, Information Technology and Computer Engineering, Renewable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Robotics, Automation, and Artificial Intelligence, Materials Science and Technological Innovations, Aerospace Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Drilling Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Food Engineering, Geological Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Jet Propulsion Engineering, Knowledge Engineering, Logistics Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Nuclear Engineering, Ocean Engineering, Petroleum Engineering, Pharmaceutical Engineering, Health Engineering, Quality Engineering, Software Engineering, Robotics Engineering, Telecommunication Engineering, Urban Engineering, Water Resources Engineering, Vehicle Engineering. The journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Lembaga Penelitian Cendekia Gagayunan Indonesia. IJETI welcomes manuscript submissions in English from authors worldwide. All submitted manuscripts undergo a Single-Blind peer review process to ensure academic quality, originality, and relevance.
Optimasi Kueri pada Very Large Database untuk Analisis Transaksi E-Commerce Real-Time Menggunakan Hybrid Indexing dan Partitioning
The growth rate of e-commerce transactions generates enormous data volumes (Very Large Database/VLDB), creating significant performance challenges for real-time analytical queries. Traditional optimization techniques are often inadequate when applied separately. This study proposes and tests a hybrid optimization strategy that integrates Range Partitioning and Partial Indexing in a PostgreSQL database system. An experimental research method was conducted by building a database simulation containing 100 million rows of synthetic transaction data, then comparing performance between a baseline configuration and an optimized configuration. Test results show significant improvement. The complex aggregation query (Q1) experienced an 86.6% acceleration in execution time (from 14,200 ms to 1,900 ms), while the specific search query (Q2) improved by 89.1% (from 8,500 ms to 930 ms). Query plan analysis proves the effectiveness of the partition pruning mechanism and the use of more efficient partial indexes. It is concluded that this hybrid strategy is effective in optimizing VLDB performance for e-commerce analytical workloads and is recommended for adoption in production environments.
Copyright (c) 2025 Candra Purnama (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Penerapan Tools Value Stream Mapping dan Kaizen untuk Meningkatkan Process Cycle Efficiency pada PT.XYZ
An efficient production process requires reducing non-value-added activities and minimizing waste at every stage of the work process. However, in practice, the production process at PT. XYZ still exhibits several forms of inefficiency, such as high waiting times, excessive material movement, disorganized work areas, and the emergence of defective products due to a lack of standardized machine settings. This study aims to identify sources of waste and improve production process efficiency through the application of Lean Manufacturing methods using Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Process Activity Mapping (PAM), and the Kaizen and 5S approaches. The results of the Current State Value Stream Mapping (CMS) mapping indicate that value-added activities only contribute 54.64% of the total process time, while non-value-added and necessary but non-value-added activities still dominate the workflow. Furthermore, the results of the waste questionnaire indicate that the largest waste occurs in waiting, followed by defects and transportation. Through the PAM analysis, operations are found to be the most dominant activity, but delays and transportation activities still significantly impact overall process time. Improvement efforts were implemented by formulating Kaizen actions, including developing machine SOPs, optimizing layouts, implementing FIFO for materials, strengthening visual control, and gradually implementing 5S. The implementation of these improvement methods has been proven to reduce the duration of non-value-added activities and improve the overall production flow. Thus, the combination of VSM, PAM, and Kaizen is effective in identifying root causes, reducing waste, and increasing production process efficiency at PT. XYZ.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fiky Two Nando, Evan Milando Bosco, Fani Nafianti Putri Farenzy, Rizqy Kautsar Fadhilah, Khoirul Anam (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Penerapan Prinsip 5S dalam Meningkatkan Efisiensi dan Mengurangi Waste Montion Pada PT. XYZ dengan Pendekatan Lean Manufacturing
PT. XYZ is a company engaged in the furniture industry, with one of its main products being wooden doors, which serve as the object of analysis in this final project. Based on historical data from June 2025 to October 2025, there is a gap between the actual production output and the company’s target. This shortfall is indicated to be caused by waste occurring throughout the production process. Through the lean manufacturing approach, the types and causes of waste were identified using Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and Process Activity Mapping (PAM). The mapping results show a total production lead time of 4,320 seconds and reveal the presence of Non-Value-Added (NVA) activities that affect production performance. The waste with the highest percentage is motion waste, accounting for 66%, which becomes the focus of this study. The root causes of motion waste were analyzed using the 5 Whys method to determine the source of activities that do not add value. Based on the results of this analysis, improvement plans were developed through the implementation of 5S activities (seiri, seiton, seiso, seiketsu, and shitsuke) to minimize motion waste. The implementation of the proposed improvements shows that the total lead time has the potential to decrease and can be further enhanced through continuous kaizen efforts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fiky Two Nando, Muhammad Ilham Ramadhan, Rendy Bagus Wicaksono, Andini Putri Cahyani, Imara Hany Anindita, Anggraeni Sih Prabandari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Waste Pemotongan Material Plate Menggunakan Metode Value Stream Mapping (VSM) dan Root Cause Analysis (RCA) di PT. YYY
This research was conducted at PT. YYY, a manufacturing company engaged in fabrication with a focus on the plate cutting process, which plays an important role in determining the accuracy, precision, and quality of production results. However, various problems were still found such as cutting defects, inappropriate dimensions, and deformation due to heat that caused rework and wasted time and costs. To overcome this, this study applied the Root Cause Analysis (RCA) and Value Stream Mapping (VSM) methods to identify the root causes of defects and non-value added activities (Non-Value Added). The results of the analysis showed a total of Non-Value Added (NVA) of 80 minutes and a waiting time of 130 minutes, with the main causes coming from the Man, Method, Machine, Environment, and System aspects. Through the implementation of improvements such as work standardization, measuring instrument calibration, area layout arrangement, and digitalization of the material monitoring system, increased efficiency, reduced waste, and improved overall production quality and timeliness were achieved.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fiky Two Nando, Ferio Aji Pamungkas, M. Dava Ardiansyah, Amalia Rizka Febriyanti, Bagas Subrakah, Argaditia Mawadati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Application of Poka-Yoke and Kanban Methods to Improve Shoe Production Efficiency At PT.xyz
This study aims to examine how the application of the Poka-Yoke and Kanban methods can improve production process efficiency at PT. XYZ, a hypothetical shoe company simulated using dummy data. In this simulation, daily production capacity is set at 1,000 pairs of shoes with an initial defect rate of 5% and a Work in Process (WIP) quantity of 1,000 pairs. The results show that the implementation of Poka-Yoke, which serves to prevent human error during the production process, successfully reduced the defect rate to only 0.1% and saved approximately Rp 73,500,000 per month. Meanwhile, the implementation of Kanban, which focuses on controlling material flow and inventory efficiency, was able to reduce the number of WIP by 70% and generate savings of around Rp 210,000,000 per month. Financial analysis shows a Return on Investment (ROI) of 782% for Poka-Yoke and 4,940% for Kanban, meaning that both methods are highly profitable. When applied simultaneously, they also increase the number of finished products (throughput) by 18.75%. Overall, this study demonstrates that the combination of Poka-Yoke and Kanban can be an effective strategy for reducing waste, minimizing product defects, and improving productivity in the modern shoe industry.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ficky Twonando, Rama Permadi, Achmad Luqman Hakim, Halif Tri Arnanda, Arki Ardiansah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Production Afalan Analysis Using Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and Root Cause Analysis (RCA) Methods at PT. XYZ
The competitiveness of the manufacturing industry demands companies to enhance production efficiency and reduce product defects. PT. Kerta Rajasa Raya, a woven bag manufacturing company, faces a high level of production scrap (defects), which decreases productivity and increases production costs. This study aims to analyze the defect rate, identify process waste using the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) approach, and determine the root causes of major defects through Root Cause Analysis (RCA). The research employs a descriptive case study method using secondary data from production and defect reports from January to June 2025. The results show that the total defect rate reached 3.44%, with the dominant defect being setting at 0.56% of total production. Based on the VSM mapping, the main wastes occur in the printing and cutting processes due to the absence of a standard operating procedure (SOP) for machine setting, long waiting times, and repeated rework. RCA analysis revealed that the root causes stem from insufficient operator training, machine wear, and variations in raw material quality. Improvement through the future state map, including the implementation of SOPs, kanban system, and operator training, led to a 52% improvement in process efficiency and a 50% reduction in defect rate. This study demonstrates that the integrated application of VSM and RCA is effective in identifying waste and improving production performance in manufacturing industries.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fiky Two Nando, Salsabila Anindya, Moc. Bah Sarodin, John Kennedy, Akbar Satya P, Adam Yusuf (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Waste Pada Produksi Sari Kedelai Di UMKM XYZ Menggunakan Pendekatan Value Stream Mapping dan 5 Why Analysis
Production process efficiency is a crucial factor for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in enhancing competitiveness within the food industry sector. However, many MSMEs still face obstacles such as non-value-added activities (waste), including waiting time and inefficient material handling. This research aims to analyze and improve the production process of soybean juice at SME XYZ using the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and 5 Whys methods. The VSM method is used to map the value stream in the production process in order to identify value-added activities, non-value-added activities, and necessary non-value-added activities. Meanwhile, the 5 Whys method is used to find the root causes of waste occurring on the production floor. The analysis results show that the main waste occurs in waste transportation and waste motion due to inefficient production layout and the absence of standard operating procedures. After improvements were made using the U-shaped layout design, there was a decrease in Non-Value Added activity time from 4,468 seconds to 2,270 seconds, and a decrease in lead time from 10,848 seconds to 8,650 seconds. Thus, the application of the VSM and 5 Whys methods proved effective in improving process flow efficiency and reducing waste in the production of soybean milk at UMKM XYZ.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fiky Two Nando, Adhindha Putri Mayangsari, Inayah Aulia Nursyabani, Sazhana Nurul, Dwi Ratih, Michael Ivan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Penerapan Metode Value Stream Mapping dan 5S untuk Meningkatkan Cycle Time Proses Produksi Sepatu pada UD. XYZ
UD. XYZ is one of the trading businesses that produces shoes with a simple working system. The production process is still dominated by activities that take a considerable amount of time due to the lack of standardized work and the high number of activities that do not directly add value to the product. This condition causes the total production time to be long and work efficiency to decrease. Therefore, this research aims to reduce cycle time and improve the efficiency of the shoe production process by identifying waste and applying Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Process Activity Mapping (PAM) methods, and implementing the 5S principles for improvement efforts. Based on the analysis results of the Current State Map and PAM, the total production time is 5,760 seconds, with most of it being necessary non-value added (NNVA) activities. After implementing improvement efforts using the 5S principles, the process and picking times, which previously took a long duration, were successfully reduced, resulting in a decrease in cycle time to 5,030 seconds, or an efficiency improvement of 12.6%. This result was achieved by adding supporting tools and machines and implementing improvements to the work system at UD. XYZ. Thus, the combination of the VSM method and the 5S principles proved effective as an improvement strategy for optimizing production performance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fiky Two Nando, Latisha Aura Ilmanzani, Fitrah Yunanda, Shinta Naafia Permatasari, Muhammad Nabil Izulhaq, Febrianto Taruk Bua (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation of Kanban and Poka-Yoke to Improve Production Efficiency at CV. XYZ
XYZ is a household plastic components manufacturer facing elevated defect rates (4–5% daily), accumulation of work-in-process (WIP) in the cooling area, and recurring labeling errors during packaging. This study evaluates the combined application of Kanban as a pull-based material flow control and Poka-Yoke as simple error-proofing devices to improve production efficiency and product quality. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed, using direct observation, time-and-motion measurements, interviews with operators and supervisors, and before–after comparisons of key performance indicators. Kanban sizing was calculated using D = 125 units/hour, L = 4 hours, S = 0.1, and container capacity C = 50 units, yielding an optimal 11 Kanban cards. Poka-Yoke implementations included automatic temperature alarms on molding machines, fixture sensors at finishing stations, and barcode-based label verification at packaging. After implementation, WIP decreased from 280 to 150 units (−46%); inter-process waiting time reduced from 45 to 20 minutes (−56%); daily output increased from 800 to 950 units (+18.7%); defect rate declined from approximately 5% to 1.8%; and labeling errors were eliminated. The results indicate that integrating Kanban and Poka-Yoke can effectively streamline production flow, reduce waste, and enhance productivity in small-to-medium plastic manufacturing operations. Implications, limitations, and recommendations for broader application are discussed.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fiky Two Nando, Dharu Zastia Priyangga, Akbar Ramadhani, Ferdian Nizar Afnan Fairuz, Aqillah Armalia, Katerina Najwa Putri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Production Process Improvement on Automatic Bolt Forming Machine Using Value Stream Mapping and FMEA Approach
This study aims to analyze the production efficiency of an automatic bolt forming machine at PT XYZ using the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) approaches. The Lean Manufacturing concept was applied to identify non-value-added activities and potential failures affecting production quality. Data were collected through direct observation, cycle time measurement, and interviews with operators and supervisors over a three-month period. The VSM results indicate that the total process time of 20,304 seconds consists of 75.64% value-added activities, 11.97% non-value-added activities, and 12.40% necessary but non-value-added activities. These findings show that efficiency improvements are still possible by minimizing non-value-adding processes. The FMEA analysis revealed the highest Risk Priority Number (RPN) of 147, occurring in the forming stage with failures such as improper heading, inaccurate trimming, and die damage. The study concludes that combining VSM and FMEA provides an effective framework for assessing process performance and determining improvement priorities to enhance efficiency and reduce product defects
Copyright (c) 2025 Fiky Two Nando, Davin Danny Ivander, Desti Sagita Sharren, Christoforus Yudhistira, Hilbram Remadaniel, Mashudan As Shidiq, A.Anditha Sari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Application of Just in Time and Total Productive Maintenance on Production Efficiency at CV XYZ
This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Just-In-Time (JIT) and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) methods as an effort to improve production process efficiency at CV XYZ, a metal manufacturing company located in East Java. The research approach was conducted through a case study utilizing primary data, including raw material requirements, ordering and storage costs, machine downtime duration, and product defect percentage. The analysis involved calculating the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) and Reorder Point (ROP) to determine an optimal raw material procurement strategy, as well as measuring Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) to assess machine performance before and after TPM implementation. Based on the analysis results, the application of JIT produced an EOQ value of 200 tons per order and an ROP value of 280 tons, which led to a reduction in total inventory costs from IDR 135,000,000 to IDR 108,000,000 per year, representing an efficiency improvement of approximately 20%. Meanwhile, TPM implementation increased the average OEE value from 78% to over 85%, accompanied by a decrease in machine downtime and product defect rates. The integration of JIT and TPM proved effective in creating a more consistent production system, reducing the need for safety stock, and improving process reliability and cost efficiency. Overall, the combined implementation of these two methods contributes significantly to enhancing operational efficiency and product quality, making it a potential model for other manufacturing companies in sustainable inventory management and machine maintenance practices.
Mohammad Rafly Rafsyanjani Bintang Pamungkas
Copyright (c) 2025 Fiky Two Nando, Mohammad Rafly Rafsyanjani Bintang Pamungkas, Febiola Alyza Kusuma, Prananda Aditia Ramadan, Tri Wahyu Sautra, Mohamad Risfi Saputra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Optimizing the Production of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises Using the Heijunka Method and Single Minute Exchange of Dies
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) producing bags often face production challenges such as long setup times, unbalanced workloads, and excessive inventory, which reduce efficiency and productivity. This study aims to optimize the production process by applying the Heijunka and Single Minute Exchange of Dies (SMED) methods as part of the Lean Manufacturing approach. The analysis was conducted quantitatively based on actual production data of three types of bags over 27 working days with 13 workers and 8 working hours per day. The results show that the Heijunka method successfully leveled production variation into a daily combination of 30 units of Bag A, 33 units of Bag B, and 14 units of Bag C, resulting in a more stable workflow and reduced overproduction. The application of SMED reduced setup time from 1,560 minutes to 327.6 minutes per month, achieving 79% efficiency improvement, and decreased utilization from 105.36% to 102.6%. These findings indicate that the combination of Heijunka and SMED is effective in improving efficiency, flexibility, and production stability in bag SMEs without requiring significant investment, while enabling the company to meet customer demand on time.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fiky Two Nando, Moch Isabil Liwaq, Muhamad Farhan Rizki, Vava Surya Pambudi, Auviano Bidana Friski (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efforts to Improve the Quality of Shrimp Pasted Products through the Implementation of the Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle and the Root Cause Analysis Method at UD Nurhayati
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in the economy. However, MSMEs often face challenges in maintaining product quality due to limited machinery and suboptimal production process control, leading to losses. One example is the production of shrimp paste at UD Nurhayati, with a capacity of approximately 3 dozen cups per month. Defective products were found due to poorly controlled processing. These defects included uneven shrimp paste texture and high humidity levels that could potentially lead to mold growth. This study aimed to identify the root cause of problems in the production line using the Root Cause Analysis (RCA) method, followed by improvements through the implementation of the Plan, Do, Check, and Action (PDCA) cycle to assist UD Nurhayati in addressing defective products. Based on the results of the application of these methods, this study produced several outcomes, namely a significant reduction in the number of defective products and an increase in production capacity of 33.3% and 14.95%, respectively, compared to the condition before the improvements were made. This study indicates that the application of the PDCA and RCA methods can improve the quality and effectiveness of the production process. These results imply that UD Nurhayati needs to standardize work procedures and provide ongoing training for employees to maintain consistent product quality.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fiky Two Nando, Agatha Hannabel Avnanta Puteri, Bahij Naufal Qinthara, Dimas Rizah Fernandy, Aditya Fahrizal Kurniawan, Achmad Hafis Alfani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Comprehensive Review of Hepatitis A, B, and C Vaccine Comparisons
Hepatitis is a disease that causes inflammation of the liver due to viral infection or non-infectious factors, such as drug use and metabolic disorders. This disease is divided into hepatitis A, B, and C with hepatitis B and C potentially developing into cirrhosis and liver cancer. This study aims to compare hepatitis A, B, and C vaccines based on virus characteristics, production methods, target recipients, administration methods, mechanisms of action, and effectiveness. The method used is a literature review from scientific databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar. The results show that hepatitis A and B vaccines are widely available with an effectiveness of more than 90%, while hepatitis C does not yet have a vaccine, so its treatment relies on Direct-Acting Antivirals (DAAs) therapy with a success rate of more than 95%. Although the hepatitis B vaccine is effective, challenges remain in global vaccination coverage, especially in developing countries. Public awareness and access to more affordable therapy are important factors in efforts to prevent and control hepatitis.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yahya Ayasy AlMuhandis, Nadila Suci Nugraha, Rosis Ainin Faqihah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Curcumin's Potential as a Therapeutic Agent for Hpv-Induced Cancer
Curcumin, the main active compound of turmeric (Curcuma longa), shows potential as a therapeutic agent for Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cancer. This study examines the mechanism of action of curcumin in inhibiting the proliferation of HPV-infected cervical cancer cells, including its anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-viral properties reviewed from several references. Curcumin works by suppressing the expression of E6 and E7 oncoproteins, induction of apoptosis, and modulation of signaling pathways that support tumor growth, such as NF-κB. Although curcumin has great potential, the challenges of low bioavailability and rapid metabolism in the body still need to be overcome. Further research is needed to optimize the formulation and delivery method of curcumin as a cancer therapy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Triani Nur Fitri, Adilla Syahsiyatun Najah, Syifa Salsabila Mulyani, Wulan Pertiwi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Characteristics of Giant Viruses: Achantamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus, Pandoravirus and Tupanvirus: A Review of the Literature
'Giant viruses' are viruses that have a genome of >200,000 bp and have been shown to infect eukaryotic organisms such as algae and protists. Giant viruses viruses have unique characteristics in addition to being very large in size, these viruses have a complex genome structure so that they are able to reproduce independently in the host cell. independently in the host cell. Some of these viruses are Achantamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus, Pandoravirus and Tupanvirus. This review aims to summarize the research that has been done on the giant viruses that have been have been discovered. Methods used in writing this article were analyzed through searches on scientific databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maya Amini Sukma, Tsabitna Amalia Ihsania, Cahya Arsya Luthfi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
mRNA Vaccines in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Production, Antibody Formation Mechanism and Advantages of mRNA Vaccines
Vaccines are antigens that are inactivated or attenuated to produce biological products that can stimulate the immune system. The mRNA vaccine is a new type of vaccine in an effort to deal with the coronavirus disease outbreak. An mRNA vaccine is a vaccine that carries the genetic information of a pathogen that is copied in mRNA This literature review uses an online-based literature study, the library sources selected for use are based on relevance to the topic. The stages of vaccine production include sequence cloning, purification, addition of cap structures, in the delivery of mRNA vaccines formulated in the form of lipid nanoparticles. mRNA vaccines are injected intramuscularly which will then trigger immune cells so that adaptive immune cells are formed. mRNA vaccines can be designed to synthesize quickly, mRNA vaccines do not interfere with cellular function or integrate into the host genome.
Copyright (c) 2025 Marsya Naranissa Puteri Santoso, Hasna Labib Lathiefah, Fadly Hidayaturochman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Therapy Innovation: Targeting HPV16 Oncogene Gene for Cervical Cancer Prevention
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a causative agent of cervical cancer. Approximately 60% of cervical cancers are caused by the infection of HPV-16. Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer affecting women. Various treatments and therapies are being explored to treat cervical cancer, but there is still a need for safer, more effective, and affordable technologies. CRISPR-Cas9 is a modern biotechnology technology derived from bacterial immune mechanisms to combat viruses and phages. This mechanism can be applied as a therapeutic medium, as it allows for specific and precise genome editing. The aim of this literature review is to determine the potential and effectiveness of CRISPR-Cas9 as a therapeutic agent for cervical cancer. The method used involves a literature study, based on searches on official websites such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, and other official journals with the keywords “CRISPR-Cas9” and “Cervical Cancer.” The results indicate that CRISPR can target the Cas9 protein to deactivate the oncogenes E6 and E7 in HPV-16, thereby promoting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Various studies have been developed to improve the side effects associated with CRISPR-Cas9. However, research on CRISPR-Cas9 has shown a reduction in cancer tissue and increased apoptosis. This method is effective for cancer treatment and needs further investigation to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Rafi Pratama Shidiq, Aghniya Nur Rizka Fadila, Alifah Mustari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0